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Three potato crops are cultivated in Punjab. In the plains it has two crops i.e. spring and autumn and only one summer crop is cultivated in hilly areas.About 1 million ton potato is exported from Pakistan, earning almost Rs. 20 billion after meeting domestic consumption and keeping seed potato for next cultivation.
Macrosiphum euphorbiae
سست تیلا
POTATO
Aphids are yellowish soft bodied insects which have two projection on abdomen called cornicles.
Macrosiphum euphorbiae
سست تیلا
POTATO
ETL: 8-10 per Leaf
Macrosiphum euphorbiae
سست تیلا
POTATO
Aphid is sucking pest which sucks cell sap from tender plant parts. They damage leaves and tissues. Sign of damage are leaves not opening properly and being smaller in size. Severe infestation can cause shoots to wilt and dry. Aphids having wings, can transfer viruses (Potato virus Y and potato leaf roll virus) from one plant to others. They secrete honey dew that stimulates black sooty mold which hinders photosynthesis. Consequently, farmer may suffer heavy yield loss.
Bemisia tabaci
سفید مکھی
POTATO
Nymphs are small, flat and oval-shaped. They are translucent to yellow in colour and can be detected on the underside of the leaf. Adults are about 1mm long with a yellow body and two pairs of wings which are covered with a powdery, white secretion.
Bemisia tabaci
سفید مکھی
POTATO
ETL: 5 Adult or nymph or both per leaf
Bemisia tabaci
سفید مکھی
POTATO
Whiteflies are a highly polyphagous insect. Adults and larva pierce the leaves with their mouthparts and suck sap from the leaves. Honeydew excretions from the insects favor the growth of sooty mold fungi on the leaves. Feeding by the whiteflies causes weakening and early wilting of the plant, and reduces the plant growth rate. Whiteflies also transmit viruses which can reduce yields severely.
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
چست تیلہ
POTATO
The adult jassid is a long and slender insect about 2.6 mm (0.1 in) in length. It is yellowish-green, with a conspicuous black spot on either side of the head and another near the tip of the fore wing. The head is pale green and the membranous wings transparent and iridescent. On leaf surfaces, the insect tends to move about diagonally, and when disturbed it immediately jumps and flies away.
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
چست تیلہ
POTATO
ETL: 3 per leaf
Amrasca biguttula biguttula
چست تیلہ
POTATO
Nymphs and adults suck the cell sap from ventral surface of leaves. Prolonged feeding causes “Hopper Burn”. Normally the older leaves below the growing tips burn first. Lesions spread backward and inward from margins, eventually destroying entire leaflet. Inject toxin with saliva, induces cell swelling, crushing phloem, disrupting movement of photosynthates in plants. Feeding results in increase in plant respiration, depleting plant reserves. More damage during early tuber bulking.
Agrotis ipsilon
چور کیڑا
POTATO
The most common species encountered are the black cutworm and the variegated cutworm. The adults are dull-colored brown to grayish moths. The larvae are usually earthen-colored with various stripes or spotted color patterns. They are smooth-bodied worms that may be 2 inches in length when mature. Many species curl into a C-shape when disturbed.
Agrotis ipsilon
چور کیڑا
POTATO
ETL: On Appearance
Agrotis ipsilon
چور کیڑا
POTATO
Cutworms may cut off the stems of young plants during stand establishment. Later in the season they feed on foliage. Tubers that are exposed on the soil, or by cracks, or are set very shallow may be damaged. Cutworm damage to tubers appears as a gouged-out cavity.
Spodoptera litura / S. exigua
لشکری سنڈی
POTATO
The armyworm is regarded as a serious pest and can damage and destroy a wide variety of crops, which causes large economic damage.
Spodoptera litura / S. exigua
لشکری سنڈی
POTATO
ETL: On Appearance
Spodoptera litura / S. exigua
لشکری سنڈی
POTATO
Early in stars are found in the lower-to-mid levels of the plant canopy, where they feed on foliage. Larvae in the first few instars “skeletonize” leaves near the egg mass from which they hatched. Early in the growing season, later instars have the potential to destroy terminals on plants. Older instars are usually present within the lower regions of the plant canopy, feeding on fruiting structures. Heavy infestations have the potential to skeletonized the whole plant.
Helicoverpa armigera
امریکن سنڈی
POTATO
There are different names of heliothis wordwide. Heliothis, cotton bollworm, corn earworm, or Old World (African) bollworm (also known as the scarce bordered straw in the UK, where it is a migrant) is a moth, the larvae of which feed on a wide range of plants, including many important cultivated crops. This is an important economic pest round the glob which if left unchecked, can devastate entire cropped area.
Helicoverpa armigera
امریکن سنڈی
POTATO
ETL: 5 Brown eggs or 3 small larvae or both per 25 Plants
Helicoverpa armigera
امریکن سنڈی
POTATO
Being as chewing pest larvae feeds on vital parts of plants. Reproductive parts are preferable target but if reproductive parts are not available then they can feed on any plant part. If found on leaves then due to hindrance in photosynthesis heavy yield loss may occur.
